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Ubiquinone (2,3, dimethoxy-5-methyl-6 decaprenyl-1,4-benzoquinone) was isolated from cardiac mitochondria by Dr. Frederick L. Crane and colleagues at the University of Wisconsin in 1957, and its chemical structure was determined by Dr. Karl Folkers et al. of the University of Texas in 1958.
The biological function common to quinone compounds such as ubiquinone, vitamin K and plastoquinone is to act as redox components of transmembrane electron transport system. Ubiquinol, vitamin K hydroquinone and plastoquinol are the two-electro reduction products of ubiquinone, vitamin K and plastoquinone, respectively. In other words, ubiquinone is the oxidized form and ubiquinol is the reduced form of coenzyme Q10. Ubiquinol is unstable in air and easily oxidized back to ubiquinone. The first report on antioxidative activity of ubiquinol was by Drs. Mellors and Tappel in 1966.
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